A challenge in efforts to develop a vaccine against salmonella is to detoxify salmonella lipid A while retaining its adjuvant properties for use in live attenuated vaccines for humans.
New therapeutics to treat Escherichia coli O157 and related Shiga toxin-producing E. coli are needed because antibiotics can augment toxin production and exacerbate the consequences of infection.
More than 25% of the world's population, and about 10% of Americans over age 12, are thought to be chronically infected with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma, often due to eating undercooked or raw meat.