The Ras and cAMP pathways control growth, differentiation, and virulence of pathogenic fungi, including Cryptococcus neoformans, which causes lethal fungal meningitis.
Leafy vegetables are the foods second most commonly associated with outbreaks of foodborne illness in the United States, most notably when contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7.
Many pathogenic and symbiotic gram-negative bacteria express a highly conserved type III secretion system (T3SS) involved in assembling a macromolecular needle complex that injects toxins into eukaryotic hosts.